In the heart of India flows the Yamuna, a river that has sustained civilizations, inspired poets, and nourished millions for centuries. But today, large stretches of it are no longer rivers in the true sense. They are toxic channels of waste, unable to support life—a condition known as being "biologically dead."
What Does "Biologically Dead" Mean?
A river is declared biologically dead when its oxygen levels are so depleted that aquatic life can no longer survive. The Yamuna, particularly the 22-kilometer stretch flowing through Delhi, has reached this point. With nearly 80% of the city's untreated sewage and industrial effluents dumped into it, the river’s natural ability to regenerate is overwhelmed. The water turns black, foaming with chemical pollutants, while once-thriving fish and plant species vanish.
The numbers paint a grim picture. Despite accounting for only 2% of the Yamuna’s total length, the Delhi stretch contributes over 70% of its pollution. Ammonia levels frequently spike, making even treated water from the river unfit for consumption. Religious offerings, plastic waste, and untreated industrial discharge have transformed a sacred and essential waterway into an open sewer.
Millions rely on the Yamuna for drinking water, irrigation, and daily needs. Yet, what remains is a toxic burden. Communities living along the banks suffer from waterborne diseases, skin infections, and respiratory issues due to constant exposure. The river that once sustained livelihoods now threatens them.
Can We Revive the Yamuna?
It’s not too late. Countries across the world have revived dying rivers through stringent policies, community-led cleanups, and investment in better waste management. The Thames in London and the Rhine in Germany were once declared biologically dead, but today, they are thriving ecosystems once again. The Yamuna can follow the same path—if collective action is taken now.
What Can You Do?
Every choice matters. Support brands that prioritize sustainable practices, reduce plastic use, and advocate for stricter environmental regulations. Conscious consumerism can put pressure on industries and governments to clean up their act.
Change begins with small steps, and together, we can push for a cleaner, healthier future for our rivers.
The Yamuna is not beyond saving. But the time to act is now.
Akhil
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